踏莎行·二社良辰
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宋代]：陈尧佐
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二社良辰，千秋庭院。翩翩又见新来燕。凤凰巢稳许为邻，潇湘烟暝来何晚。
乱入红楼，低飞绿岸。画梁时拂歌尘散。为谁归去为谁来，主人恩重珠帘卷。
踏莎行·二社良辰译文及注释
译文
春光明媚，良辰美景，庭院秋千高挂。燕子翩然归来。承蒙尊贵的凤凰垂青，才能与之相邻。飞越湘水烟波，相从恨晚。
争先恐后飞入红楼，成群结队萦绕柳堤。雕梁之上轻歌漫唱。若问燕子为谁来，卷帘之恩重如山。
注释
踏莎（suō）行：词牌名，又名《柳长春》《喜朝天》等。双调五十八字，仄韵。
二社：指春社与秋社，是祭祀社神（土地神）的节日。春社立春后第五个戊日，秋社立秋后第五个戊日。
翩翩：轻快飞行的样子。
许为邻：同意燕子来作邻居。
潇湘：湘江的别称，因湘江水深清得名。词中泛指南方，是燕子所来的地方。
烟暝（míng）：暮霭弥漫。
乱入：纷纷飞入。
红楼：指富贵人家。
画梁：有雕刻绘画的房梁。
歌尘：梁上的尘土。据刘向《别录》载，汉代有一个叫虞公的人，善于歌唱，其歌声能震散梁上灰尘。燕子栖于画梁之上，故用歌尘指梁上尘土。
珠帘卷：卷起珠帘让燕自由出入。
参考资料：
1、刘石主编；清华大学《宋词鉴赏大辞典》编写组编．宋词鉴赏大辞典：中华书局，2011.08：第10页
2、邓绍基，周秀才，侯光复主编．中国古代十大词人精品全集：集外卷：大连出版社，1998.03 第1版：第50页
踏莎行·二社良辰创作背景
据北宋文莹《湘山野录》记载，时宰相申国公吕夷简欲致仕，宋仁宗问何人可代，吕夷简于是推荐词人。词人拜相后，“极怀荐引之德，无以形其意，因撰燕词一阕，携觞相馆，使人歌之。”可见，这首词为感谢吕夷简“荐引之德”而作。
参考资料：
1、夏承焘，唐圭璋，缪钺，叶嘉莹，周汝昌，宛敏灏，万云骏，钟振振等撰写．宋词鉴赏辞典 珍藏本 上：上海辞书出版社，2012.01：第13-14页
踏莎行·二社良辰鉴赏
上片起首三句“二社良辰，千秋庭院。翩翩又见新来燕。”点节序，写环境，以燕子的翩然来归，喻朝廷的济济多士，同时也寄寓了词人对如同明媚春光的盛世的赞美与热爱，以及词人悠然自得的心情。“千秋”有秋千之意，燕子于寒食前后归来，而秋千正是寒食之戏。““千秋””暗点时令，与“二社”照应。“翩翩又见新来燕”，燕子一会儿飞向空中，一会儿贴近地面，自由之态可掬。句中着一“又”字，说明燕子的翩然来归，非止一双，“新来”切己之初就任，语虽浅而意深，进一步歌颂朝廷的无量恩德。“凤凰巢稳许为邻，潇湘烟暝来何晚。”两句暗喻吕夷简的退位让贤，并自谦依附得太晚。据《宋史》本传，词人任枢密副使时曾为吕夷简的亲信、祥符县令陈诂开脱罪责。此事当使吕夷简产生好感。后吕夷简荐以自代，与此不无关系。这一层意思，自然不能明说，若是明说也没有词味。因此词人将其表达得极为婉曲，含蓄蕴藉而不直白、浮浅。“凤凰巢稳许为邻”，词人以凤凰形容邻座之巢，意突出其华美与高贵。不说“占得”，而说“许为邻”，亦谦恭之意。“来何晚”三字，充满感情色彩。从语气上看，似为自责，其中大有“相从恨晚”之意。
下片“乱入红楼，低飞绿岸。”二句以象征、比拟手法，通过描写心情舒畅的燕子乱入红楼、低飞绿岸的意象，表达出词人当时的欢乐、畅适心境。“画梁时拂歌尘散”，华堂歌管，是富贵人家常事，燕子栖于画梁，则梁尘亦可称作“歌尘”。这也是居处之华贵作一点缀。结尾二句“为谁归去为谁来，主人恩重珠帘卷。”以“主人”喻吕夷简，以“燕”喻词人自身，含蓄曲折地表达了感恩之情。“为谁归去为谁来”，纯为口语，一句提问，引起读者充分注意，然后轻轻逗出“主人恩重珠帘卷”，悠然沁入人心，完成了作品的主题。这种代燕子立言以表示对主人感激的象征手法，收到了极好的艺术效果。
这首词虽然格调不高，但在宋代词坛上也不失为特色之一。该词以燕子自喻，有比兴，有寄托，曲笔抒深情，韵味无穷。按当时审美标准，自然也是得“风人之旨”。这种通过燕子寄寓感恩思想的写法，对后人也有影响。
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蕃女怨·万枝香雪开已遍》
陈尧佐简介
唐代·陈尧佐的简介
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陈尧佐（963年—1044年10月26日），字希元，号知余子。阆州阆中人。北宋大臣、水利专家、书法家、诗人。宋仁宗时官至宰相，景祐四年（1037年），拜同中书门下平章事。康定元年（1040年），以太子太师致仕。庆历四年（1044年），陈尧佐去世，年八十二，赠司空兼侍中，谥号“文惠”。陈尧佐明吏事，工书法，喜欢写特大的隶书字，著有《潮阳编》、《野庐编》、《遣兴集》、《愚邱集》等。今存词一首。
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