出塞
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清代]：徐锡麟
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出塞译文及注释
译文
出征的战士应当高唱军歌胜利日来。
决心把满族统治者赶出山海关。
战士只知道在战场上，要为国捐躯。
何必考虑把尸体运回家乡。
注释
环：与“还”同音，古人常用作还乡的隐语。
胡奴：指清王朝封建统治者。玉关：即甘肃玉门关，汉时为出塞要道。
沙场：本指平沙旷野，后多指战场。
马革裹尸：英勇作战，战死于战场。
出塞鉴赏
“拼将热血洒疆场”，这是一首边塞诗，写于1906年。当时作者从日本回国，曾北上游历，在吉林、辽宁一带察看形势，一路走来，有许多感想，于是就留下了这首七言诗。
启首两句就写得颇具气势，“军歌应唱大刀环，誓灭胡奴出玉关。”出征的战士应高唱着战歌，挥举大刀，要一直把清朝统治者杀到关外。玉关，本指玉门关，这里代指山海关。清政府是在关外发迹的，因此要杀到关外，把他们彻底消灭。这里用一个“环”字，预示着反清斗争一定会取得胜利，战士们会踏着歌声，凯旋而回。后两句写得极其悲壮，抒发了作者的情感，“只解沙场为国死，何须马革裹尸还。”作为一名战士，想到的只是为国捐躯，根本不去考虑身后事，为国捐躯，死得其所，又何必用“马革裹尸还”呢？
这首诗抒发了作者义无反顾的革命激情和牺牲精神，充满了英雄主义气概，把一腔报效祖国、战死疆场的热忱发挥得淋漓尽致。在写下了这首诗的一年以后，作者在安庆起义，失败被捕，清政府要他写口供，他挥笔直书：“尔等杀我好了，将我心剖了，两手两足断了，全身碎了，均可，不可冤杀学生。”尔后，慷慨就义，他用生命实现了自己的理想。这首诗感情豪放激扬，语气慷慨悲壮，英气逼人，最后一句“何须马革裹尸还”，写出了他壮怀激烈、视死如归的英雄气概。总之，这是近代边塞诗中难得的一首好诗。
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上一首：
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高适《
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蓟中作》
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下一首：
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张乔《
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河湟旧卒》
徐锡麟简介
唐代·徐锡麟的简介
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徐锡麟（1873年-1907年），字伯荪，号光汉子，浙江山阴（今绍兴）人。生于地主绅商家庭，幼读私塾，喜欢算术、天文，先后取得廪生、副举人等功名。因他常宣传革命思想，仇视清廷，其父恐受连累，分了一部分财产给他，表示脱离父子关系。
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