水调歌头·平生太湖上
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两汉]：佚名
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平生太湖上，短棹几经过。如今重到何事？愁比水云多。拟把匣中长剑，换取扁舟一叶，归去老渔蓑。银艾非吾事，丘壑已蹉跎。脍新鲈，斟美酒，起悲歌。太平生长，岂谓今日识兵戈？欲泻三江雪浪，净洗胡尘千里，不用挽天河！回首望霄汉，双泪堕清波。
水调歌头·平生太湖上鉴赏
上片先写江山破碎的悲怆心情。“平生太湖上”四句，面对浩瀚无际的太湖，作者想到自己曾多次泛舟湖上，它是那样令人陶醉，那样令人感到亲切，这次重游，自己心头却笼罩着茫茫无际的愁云。从前游太湖，北宋还没有灭亡，而现在却是国土沦丧，南宋朝廷偏安一隅，胡骑南窥，所余的半壁河山也危在旦夕。作者用“何事”发问，却没有正面回答，因为在那个时代，家国之恨，使人愁生是不言而喻的。作者愁情满怀，却无计消除，南宋朝廷苟安求和，醉生梦死，纵有报国之心，却无报国之路，在无可奈何之中，他情绪陡转。“拟把匣中长剑”以下五句，写他忍痛放弃报国之志，把准备驰骋疆场的长剑换成一叶垂钓的扁舟，归隐江湖，去作渔翁。他消沉地说，做官就不是我的事，我为此耽误了隐居的山水，让它们白白地等我。作者以超脱的口吻诉说自己悲愤的心情，以归隐的行动表示自己对黑暗现实的不满。
下片以“脍新鲈”三句承上启下，当他吃着脍制好的新鲜鲈鱼、喝着美酒、唱起悲壮的歌曲时，他的情绪从隐居一下又跌落到现实中了，他不能忘记灾难深重的国土。“太平生长，岂谓今日识干戈”，在太平时代生长的人，没想到今天也见到战争，而“干戈”给作者带来的是如大海一样汹涌的激情，对祖国的热爱和对敌人的憎恶，使他顿生扭转乾坤之力，他要倾泻三江洪涛巨浪，涤荡千里中原的胡尘，用不着壮志挽天河洗兵马，要把敌人彻底消灭干净。这种钢铁誓言，如雷震耳，激荡在国人心中，所以当这首词被题在吴江长桥下时，竟不胫而走，甚至引起了朝廷的注意。现实和理想总是有矛盾的，作者虽然雄心勃勃，壮志凌云，但想到黑暗的现实，心头又愁云惨淡，最后以“回首望霄汉，双泪堕清波”作结，表现了他对朝廷的失望。
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上一首：
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叶梦得《
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水调歌头·九月望日与客习射西园》
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下一首：
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王以宁《
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水调歌头·呈汉阳使君》
佚名简介
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