过华清宫
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唐代]：李约
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玉辇升天人已尽，故宫犹有树长生。(犹有一作：惟有)
过华清宫译文及注释
译文
君主追求淫逸，将国计民生的大事看得很轻。结果，兵变作乱。
帝后升天，惟有千年长生树仍直直地长在那里。
注释
霓裳：指霓裳羽衣曲。
玉辇：天子所乘之车，以玉为饰，又称玉辂。
过华清宫鉴赏
华清宫，中国古代离宫，以温泉汤池著称，在今陕西省西安市临潼区骊山北麓。据文献记载，秦始皇曾在此“砌石起宇”，西汉、北魏、北周、隋代亦建汤池。华清宫在后世名声大噪，唐玄宗、杨贵妃二人功不可没。而历来以“华清宫”为题材的咏史诗，也基本都是唐玄宗、杨贵妃二人密切相联。李约的《过华清宫》就是其中的一首，此诗通过咏史抒怀，讽刺统治者荒淫误国，感叹王朝兴衰，抒发黍离之悲。
首句就直斥玄宗皇帝：作为一国之君，玄宗皇帝耽于享乐，追求淫逸，反把国计民生的大事看得很轻。第二句用“一曲霓裳”一笔带过唐玄宗、杨贵妃二人沉醉于歌舞的享受生活。“四海兵”三字，是唐玄宗、杨贵妃二人耽于享乐、追求淫逸所酿成的苦果：导致安史之乱的爆发，使盛唐走向了衰微。这与杜牧的“霓裳一曲千峰上，舞破中原始下来”有异曲同工之妙。君王以“万机”为轻，却以享乐为重，酿成亡国之大祸必在情理之中，正所谓“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”。三、四两句是诗人目睹华清宫的景象：帝妃早已升天作古，只有四季“长生”的树木，见证了华清宫的兴衰。
这首诗主要采用对比的手法：昔日霓裳羽衣，歌舞升平；今朝杂树丛生，宫殿荒凉。
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上一首：
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辛弃疾《
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丑奴儿·近来愁似天来大》
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下一首：
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朱诚泳《
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感寓 其七十》
李约简介
唐代·李约的简介
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[唐]宗室，字在博，一作存博。郑王元懿玄孙，勉子，官兵部员外郎。有画癖，闻一士人家有张璪所绘松石幛子，乃诣购其家，弱妻已练为衣裹。唯得两幅，双柏一石，嗟惋久之，作绘练记。以至行雅操知名当时。特精楷隶，并善画梅。又萧字为梁侍中萧子云壁书，李约得之，崔备为之记，约自为赞，又以名其斋。《唐书宗室世系表》、《历代名画记》、《宣和画谱》、《图绘宝鉴补遗》、《萧斋记》
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