怀沙
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先秦]：屈原
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滔滔孟夏兮，草木莽莽。伤怀永哀兮，汩徂南土。
郁结纡轸兮，离愍而长鞠。
抚情效志兮，冤屈而自抑。刓方以为圜兮，常度未替。
章画志墨兮，前图未改。
内厚质正兮，大人所晟。巧陲不斵兮，孰察其揆正？
离娄微睇兮，瞽谓之不明。
变白以为黑兮，倒上以为下。凤皇在笯兮，鸡鹜翔舞。
同糅玉石兮，一概而相量。夫惟党人鄙固兮，羌不知余之所臧。
任重载盛兮，陷滞而不济。怀瑾握瑜兮，穷不知所示。
邑犬群吠兮，吠所怪也。非俊疑杰兮，固庸态也。
文质疏内兮，众不知余之异采。材朴委积兮，莫知余之所有。
重仁袭义兮，谨厚以为丰。重华不可遻兮，孰知余之从容！
古固有不并兮，岂知其何故！汤禹久远兮，邈而不可慕。
惩连改忿兮，抑心而自强。离闵而不迁兮，愿志之有像。
进路北次兮，日昧昧其将暮。舒忧娱哀兮，限之以大故。
乱曰：
脩路幽蔽，道远忽兮。
世既莫吾知兮，人心不可谓兮。
怀质抱青，独无匹兮。伯乐既没，骥焉程兮。
定心广志，余何畏惧兮！
世溷浊莫吾知，人心不可谓兮。
明告君子，吾将以为类兮。
怀沙译文及注释
译文
初夏的天气盛阳，草木都已经长得茂盛。
我怀着内心的深沉的悲哀，匆匆踏上这南国的土地。
眼前一片苍茫，听不出丝毫声响。
我九曲的回肠缠着悒郁的愁绪，我遭到患难啊，是这样地穷愁困厄。
抚念我的情感，反省我的初志，又只好把难言的冤屈压抑在心底。
方正的被刻削得圆滑了，正常的法度却没有变易。
如果转化初衷，改道而行，那是正直的君子所鄙弃的。
守绳墨而不变易，照旧地按着规矩。
内心充实而端正，自有那伟大的人物称善赞美。
巧匠倕还没有挥动斧头，谁能看得出曲直和规矩？
黑色的花纹放在幽暗的地方，盲人说它没有纹章。
离娄微闭着眼睛，盲者说他的目盲。
白的要说成黑，把上面的倒置下方。
凤凰关进笼中，鸡鸭却舞蹈翱翔。
玉与石混淆在一起，有人拿来一斗而量。
那些党人就是这般地鄙陋愚固啊，他们又怎能理解我心之所善。
责任大，担子重，却陷于沉滞，不被重用。
贤能的人虽然怀瑾握瑜，被逐困穷又怎能献示于人。
村里的狗群起而狂吠，只因为它们少见多怪。
小人们非难和疑忌俊杰，是他们庸夫俗子的本性。
我举止清疏而内质朴实，他们当然不懂得我的异彩。
有用的材料被丢积在一边，人的才华就是这样被掩埋。
我仁之又仁义之又义，忠诚老实以充实自己。
舜帝已死不可再生，有谁来赏识我这样的气宇。
自古来，贤圣不必同时，这到底是什么缘分？
夏禹和商汤已经远隔，就追慕也不能再世。
抑制着心中的愤恨，须求得自己的坚强。
身遭不幸，只要我不变节，就会找到我所向往的圣人。
回路北上去寻找归宿，日已昏昏，天色将暮。
姑且吐出我的悲哀，生命已经到了尽头。
尾声：
浩荡的沅水湘水呵，每天每日地奔流不息。
长远的路程阴晦幽蔽，是遥远而蛮荒的旅程。
不断地呕吟悲伤，永远地叹息凄凉。
世间上既没有知己，有何人可以商量。
我为人诚心诚意，但有谁为我佐证。
伯乐呵已经死了，千里马有谁品评？
各人的禀赋有一定，各人的生命有所凭。
我要坚定我的志趣，决不会怕死贪生。
无休无止的悲哀，令人深长叹息。
世间混浊无人了解我，人心难测，没有人可以听我表叙。
人生一死不可回避，但愿世上没有什么使我矜惜。
请记下这件事吧，后进诸君，我将永远以先贤为榜样而前行！
注释
汩（cú）徂：急行。
眴（shùn）：同“瞬”,看的意思。
纡轸：委曲而痛苦。
离慜（mǐn）：遭忧患。鞠：困穷。
刓（wán）方以为圜（yuán）：把方的削成圆的。刓：削。圜，同“圆”。
常度：正常的法则。替：废也。
易初：变易初心。本迪：变道。
章：明也。志：记也。
倕（chuí）：人名，传说是尧时的巧匠。斵（zhuó）：砍，削。
蒙瞍（méngsǒu）：瞎子。章：文彩。
离娄：传说中的人名，善视。睇（dì）：微视。
瞽（gǔ）：瞎子。
笯（nú）：竹笼。
鹜：鸭子。
臧：同“藏”。指藏于胸中之抱负。
瑾、瑜：均美玉。
委积：丢在一旁堆着。
遌（è）：遇。
邈：遥远。
大故：死亡。
汩：指水流疾貌，或为水的急流声。
脩：长。
唫：同“吟”。此下四句据《史记》补入。
焉：怎么，哪里。程：量也。
错：同“措”,安排。
曾：同“增”。爰（yuán）哀：悲哀无休无止。
爱：吝惜。
类：楷式，法。
参考资料：
1、黄寿祺、梅桐生译注．楚辞全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1984：99-103
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：831-836
怀沙创作背景
此诗写作时间大约可以定位屈原临死前，是诗人的绝命词。也有学者认为此诗是屈原流放中怀念长沙的诗作，大约作于到达长沙之前，而在《九章·哀郢》之后，是屈原决心自杀的预告。
参考资料：
1、黄寿祺、梅桐生译注．楚辞全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1984：99-103
2、王承略、李笑岩译注．楚辞．济南：山东画报出版社，2014：103-108
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屈原《
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思美人》
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刘禹锡《
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踏歌词四首·其四》
屈原简介
唐代·屈原的简介
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屈原（约公元前340-前278），中国古代伟大的爱国诗人。汉族，出生于楚国丹阳，名平，字原。战国时期楚国贵族出身，任三闾大夫、左徒,兼管内政外交大事。公元前278年秦将白起一举攻破楚国首都郢都。忧国忧民的屈原在长沙附近汩罗江怀石自杀，端午节据说就是他的忌日。他写下许多不朽诗篇，成为中国古代浪漫主义诗歌的奠基者，在楚国民歌的基础上创造了新的诗歌体裁楚辞。他创造的“楚辞”文体在中国文学史上独树一帜，与《诗经》并称“风骚”二体，对后世诗歌创作产生积极影响。
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掉臂兵丛自在行，归来依旧一书生。酒边结客千金尽，帐下翻澜四座惊。
莫惜华年今冉冉，但期民物各平平。春寒喜孕新桐熟，二月江涛撼雾城。
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学士院端午帖子二十七首 其四
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宋代：
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苏辙
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纨扇新裁冰雪馀，清风不隔纻罗疏。飞升漫写秦公子，荣谢应怜汉婕妤。