蓟北旅思
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唐代]：张籍
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失意还独语，多愁只自知。客亭门外柳，折尽向南枝。
蓟北旅思鉴赏
张籍的《蓟北旅思》写游子乡思之情，感情细腻真切，委婉动人，在众多的归思诗中亦不愧为上乘之作。
首联以“日日”叠字领起，开篇就使人触摸到诗人急切而又失望、惆怅的感情脉搏，渲染出浓厚的感情气氛：因归思似渴，所以“日日”遥望故乡；久欲归而不能，诗人便唱吴声歌曲，以此聊解归思之渴；歌乡声而不能归，诗人反更增惆怅，故有“空歌”之叹。颔联仍是心理活动的细致刻画：诗人因睹别人的离愁别绪，不禁忆起自己离家时亲人依依难舍的情景。此联与首联都写归思但着眼点不同：首联落笔于诗人自身，颔联落笔于身外；首联侧重于现在，颔联侧重于过去。欲归不得的失望，客居异乡的寂寞，世途失意的喟叹，种种感情的重荷，真使诗人无法忍受。“失意还独语，多愁只自知”，诗人只能孤寂地向自己倾诉，无限愁怀，只有己晓。
前三联，诗人全用赋笔，铺张叙写，曲尽其妙，但若全篇皆此，则显单调寡味。故诗人在尾联运用“兴”之别一法门，使全诗通体生色，情味隽永。旅居蓟北的游子归乡，都兴奋接受送行者的折柳：送行者善解人意，都折向南生长的柳条相赠。此联意谓南归行人之多，与诗人独不得归形成对照，至此，诗人那寂寞悲愁、失意憔悴的形象如在读者目前。
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上一首：
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李煜《
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赐宫人庆奴》
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下一首：
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刘禹锡《
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杨柳枝》
张籍简介
唐代·张籍的简介
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张籍（约767～约830），唐代诗人。字文昌，汉族，和州乌江（今安徽和县）人，郡望苏州吴（今江苏苏州）1 。先世移居和州，遂为和州乌江（今安徽和县乌江镇）人。世称“张水部”、“张司业”。张籍的乐府诗与王建齐名，并称“张王乐府”。著名诗篇有《塞下曲》《征妇怨》《采莲曲》《江南曲》。1 《张籍籍贯考辨》认为，韩愈所说的“吴郡张籍”乃谓其郡望，并引《新唐书·张籍传》、《唐诗纪事》、《舆地纪胜》等史传材料，驳苏州之说而定张籍为乌江人。
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插花行理鬓。
迁延去复归。
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我方缠世故，而已返于真。
亦岂异流俗，自难逢若人。
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治乱古来有，英雄今岂无。
人情云聚散，世态草荣枯。
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露白初濡木，星虚渐集房。蛾飞争堕水，鱼退急投梁。
捣练堤防冷，收禾准备荒。只愁枣红地，万马逐残羌。
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千古李将军，夺得胡儿马。
李蔡为人在下中，却是封侯者。