绣岭宫词
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唐代]：李洞
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绣岭宫前鹤发翁，犹唱开元太平曲。
绣岭宫词鉴赏
李洞生活的晚唐时代社会危机日益深重，国势处于风雨飘摇的危机之中，而僖宗荒淫嬉戏，贪残昏朽，更甚于玄宗；这首诗表面是写唐玄宗的荒政误国，实是针对时政而发的。《唐才子传》说李洞写诗“逼真于岛（贾岛），新奇或过之”。此诗的新颖在于：诗人写李唐的衰朽，不着一字，而以“绣岭”小景出之。
骊山是长安著名风景区，山上有华清宫，山脚有华清池。骊山两侧，为东西绣岭，广栽林木花卉，并置高台飞阁，是专供唐明皇及其后妃游幸玩乐之所。“春日迟迟春草绿”，迟迟，描写阳春的舒缓，可推测这是一个风和日丽的日子。这句写游绣岭宫的季节、天气以及满眼新绿的景色。在一般情况下，“春草绿”应是一种宜人之色，但用于此刻的登绣岭宫，便给人以“草遮回磴绝鸣鸾”之感，写的却是荒草萋萋的荒凉之境。如果说这句还只是通过对背景的联想才透出了“春草绿”的时代气息，那么，这“野棠开尽飘香玉”的时代气息就更其明显了。唐玄宗前期励精图治，遂成开元盛世，后期迷于声色狗马，讨厌政事，酿成安史之乱。但这些具体过程及其前因后果是无法写到一首小诗中去的，诗人便抓住了绣岭野棠来叙述，使读者思而得之，手法新奇。唐玄宗精通音律，曾在京城“梨园”培训乐队（“梨园”因广栽梨树而得名）。玄宗临幸华清宫，乐队居绣岭，也曾想于此广栽梨树，但梨树必须由棠梨（俗名杜梨）嫁接方成；棠梨栽后，未及嫁接，安史之乱起；这些准备嫁接的母本，此后便到处漫生。“野棠”的“野”字，包含了诗人的无限感叹。“开尽”的“尽”字，道出了无限“芳树无人花自落”之慨。“飘香玉”的“飘”字，蕴藏着诗人无限惋惜之情。原为御地之树，变为无主之林；原为笙管之地，变为无人之境；弟子散尽，香玉（棠梨花瓣）惊风；野、尽、飘三字，写出了无限令人感慨的意境。只迷声色，不理国政，梨未成，梦已绝，君主的荒淫享乐带来了无比深重的国灾民难。
尾联写出一位白发老人的举动：“绣岭宫前鹤发翁，犹唱开元太平曲”。自玄宗的开元盛日，至僖宗的衰朽之朝，时历一个半世纪有余，活动在开元时代的人，自然一个也没有了。“犹唱”二字，表面似讥老人爱翻陈年老历，唱得不合时宜，实则感慨深远。通过鹤发老人对太平盛世的缅怀，诗人寄寓自己对时政的深沉叹息。诗四句全是写景，但字字流露出诗人对祖国命运无限关心的真挚感情。这种寄真情于字背，寓深义于眼前的艺术手法，含蓄蕴藉，颇得游刃骚雅之妙。
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李白《
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流夜郎赠辛判官》
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刘一止《
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喜迁莺·晓行》
李洞简介
唐代·李洞的简介
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李洞，字才江，人，诸王孙也。慕贾岛为诗，铸其像，事之如神。时人但诮其僻涩，而不能贵其奇峭，唯吴融称之。昭宗时不第，游蜀卒。诗三卷。 晚唐诗人李洞有一百七十余首诗歌(残句六句)流传至今,其中涉及蜀中的诗篇约有三十首,占其创作总量的六分之一,足见蜀中经历在其诗歌创作中占有的重要地位。
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