寒食
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宋代]：赵鼎
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一樽径籍青苔卧，莫管城头奏暮笳。
寒食译文及注释
译文
即使冷冷清清开着几扇柴门的村落里，也还是要插几根杨柳枝条，标志出每年的节令。寒食的传统虽然没有传到遥远的广东，但清明上坟奠祭祖先的礼仪还是和中原一样。时至今日，汉唐两代的王陵巨冢，已经没有人前去祭祀；而山边溪间的小路上仍生长着许多梨花。世代更替，非人力所能左右，不如喝上他一杯醉卧在青苔上，莫管关城门的号角声是否响起来。
注释
寒食：节令名，清明前一天（一说清明前两天）。相传起于晋文公悼念介之推事，以介子推抱木焚死，就定于是日禁火寒食。
庞老家：指庞德公一家。庞德公，东汉襄阳人，隐居在岘山种田。荆州刺史刘表几次邀他出来做官，他拒绝了，带领全家到鹿门山中采药。后来另一个隐士司马徽来看他，正碰上他上坟扫墓归来。此泛指一般平民百姓全家上坟事。
寒食鉴赏
诗中的“粤人国”，本指广东，因秦末赵佗曾建南越国，封为南越王。赵鼎曾被贬至潮州，因此此处“粤人国”应指潮州。赵鼎在潮州五年，即绍兴十至十四年（1140-1144），至潮州时是绍兴十年闰六月，故此诗应为绍兴十一年至十四年期间所写。
此诗虽题为《寒食》，但写的是从寒食到清明。前两联写的是当时民间风俗。南宋周密《武林旧事》卷三《祭扫》记其时江南风俗：“清明前三日为寒食节，都成人家皆插柳满檐，虽小坊曲幽，亦青青可爱。……从人家上冢者……南北两山之间，车马纷然，而野冢者尤多”从此诗可得知，南宋时潮州民间在寒食节也有插柳的习俗，即使偏僻村落也不例外，只是没有禁烟寒食，而清明节却像东汉末襄阳隐士庞德公一样携带女儿上山扫墓（即“上冢”）。
后两联在记事中寄寓抒情。颈联写所见：汉唐帝王的陵墓连粗粝的麦饭也没有人祭拜，而山溪野径之间开满梨花。尾联写所感所闻：我还是开怀畅饮吧，醉后卧倒在青苔之上，不必去管城头上傍晚吹起的军号。
通过清明郊游，作者悟得了不少哲理:权贵、富贵不过是短暂的、无常的，而人间确实永恒的、常新的。我还是得醉且醉吧，天下世事我不能管，也不必去管。这种心态看似消极，但却是作者当时处于贬谪逆境中的苦闷、痛楚心情的反应。
其实，赵鼎是不屈的。他在由潮州移吉阳军的谢表中曾说：“白首何归，怅余生之无几；丹心未泯，誓九死以不移！”秦桧见了，说：“此老倔强犹昔！”（《宋史》本传）
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吴文英《
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扫花游·西湖寒食》
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韦庄《
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丙辰年鄜州遇寒食城外醉吟五首》
赵鼎简介
唐代·赵鼎的简介
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赵鼎(1085-1147)， 南宋政治家、词人。字元镇，自号得全居士。南宋解州闻喜（今属山西）人。宋高宗时的宰相。有《忠正德文集》10卷，清道光刊本。《四印斋所刻词》有《得全居士词》一卷，存词45首。
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