霜天晓角·梅
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宋代]：范成大
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晚晴风歇。一夜春威折。脉脉花疏天淡，云来去、数枝雪。
胜绝。愁亦绝。此情谁共说。惟有两行低雁，知人倚、画楼月。
霜天晓角·梅译文及注释
译文
春寒凛冽，寒气已渐渐离去，傍晚时天晴雨住。几枝寒梅立在风中，浮云在天上来来去去，梅花白如胜雪。
这景致真是绝美，人的愁情也无限。空对这如此的美景，我无比寂寞孤单，想倾诉心中的惆怅？只有那两行低飞的鸿雁，知道我独坐在高楼上，思念伊人。
注释
霜天晓角：词牌名。因林逋咏梅词有“霜洁”、“晓寒”、“玉龙三弄”而得名。又名《月当窗》等。双调四十三或四十四字，有仄韵、平韵两体。
春威：初春的寒威。俗谓“倒春寒”。
脉脉：深含感情的样子。
胜绝：景色极美，人也极愁苦。
参考资料：
1、上彊邨民(编) 蔡义江（解） ． 宋词三百首全解． 上海： 复旦大学出版社， 2008/11/1： 第198-199页
2、吕明涛，谷学彝编著 ． 宋词三百首．北京 ：中华书局，2009.7： 第200页
霜天晓角·梅鉴赏
这首词以“梅”为题，写出了怅惘孤寂的幽愁。上阕写景之胜，下阕写愁之绝。
起首二句先写天气转变之佳：傍晚，天晴了，风歇了，春寒料峭的威力，有所折损。用一“折”字，益见原来春寒之厉，此刻春暖之和。紧接“晚晴风歇”，展示了一幅用淡墨素彩勾画的绝妙画面。“脉脉”，是含情的样子。“花疏”，点出梅花之开。以“脉脉”加诸“花疏天淡”之上，就使人感到不仅那脉脉含情的梅花，就连安详淡远天空也仿佛在向人致意呢。“天淡”是静态，接“云来去”成为动态，更见“晚晴风歇”之后，气清云闲之美。“花疏”与“天淡”相谐，既描写了“天”之“淡”，所以末一句“数枝雪”，又形象地勾画了“梅”之“疏”。如此精心点笔，使景物生动地立于眼前，也就不是泛泛而说了。可见词人缀字的针线是十分细密的；而其妙处在天然浑成，能够运密入疏。
下阕“胜绝”是对上阕的概括。景物美极了，而“愁亦绝”。“绝”字重叠，就更突出了景物美人更愁这层意思。如果说原来春寒料峭，馀寒犹厉，景象的凄冷萧疏，与人物心情之暗淡愁苦是一致的话，那么，景物之极美，与人之极愁，情景就似乎很不相阔了。
其实这种“不一致”，正是词人匠心独运之所在。“写景与言情，非二事也”，以景色之优美，反衬人之孤寂，不一致中就有了一致，两个所指相反的“绝”字，在这里却表现了矛盾的统一。至于词中主人公景愈美而愁愈甚的原因，“此情谁共说”。无处诉说，这就衬出了悲愁的深度。结尾三句，又通过景物的映衬写出了人之情。雁有两行，反衬人之寂寞孤独；雁行之低，写鸿雁将要归宿，而所怀之人此时仍飘零异乡未归。唯有低飞之雁才能看见春夜倚楼之人。鸿雁可以传书，则此情可以托其诉说者，也只有这两行低雁了。下片所写之景，有雁，有楼，有月，从时间上来说，比上片已经迟了；但是，从境界上来说，与上片淡淡的云，疏疏的梅，恰好构成了一幅完整和谐的画面，与画楼中之人以及其孤寂独处的心情正复融为一体，从而把怀人的感情形象化了。越是写得含蓄委婉，就越使人感到其感情的深沉和执着。以淡景写浓愁，以良宵反衬孤寂无侣的惆怅，运密入疏，寓浓于淡，这种艺术手法是颇耐人寻味的。
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范成大《
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霜天晓角·梅》
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周密《
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范成大简介
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范成大（1126-1193），字致能，号称石湖居士。汉族，平江吴县（今江苏苏州）人。南宋诗人。谥文穆。从江西派入手，后学习中、晚唐诗，继承了白居易、王建、张籍等诗人新乐府的现实主义精神，终于自成一家。风格平易浅显、清新妩媚。诗题材广泛，以反映农村社会生活内容的作品成就最高。他与杨万里、陆游、尤袤合称南宋“中兴四大诗人”。
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