如梦令·昨夜雨疏风骤
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宋代]：李清照
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昨夜雨疏风骤，浓睡不消残酒。试问卷帘人，却道海棠依旧。知否，知否？应是绿肥红瘦。
如梦令·昨夜雨疏风骤译文及注释
译文
昨夜雨虽然下得稀疏，但是风却劲吹不停，虽然睡了一夜，仍有余醉未消。问那正在卷帘的侍女，外面的情况如何，她说海棠花依然和昨天一样。知道吗？知道吗？这个时节应该是绿叶繁茂，红花凋零了。
注释
疏：指稀疏。
雨疏风骤：雨点稀疏，晚风急猛。
浓睡不消残酒：虽然睡了一夜，仍有余醉未消。浓睡：酣睡 残酒：尚未消散的醉意。
卷帘人：有学者认为此指侍女。
绿肥红瘦：绿叶繁茂，红花凋零。
如梦令·昨夜雨疏风骤创作背景
这首作品是李清照的早期作品。根据陈祖美编的《李清照简明年表》，此词作于公元1100年（宋哲宗元符三年）前后。
参考资料：
1、陈祖美．李清照作品赏析集．成都：巴蜀书社，1992：250
如梦令·昨夜雨疏风骤鉴赏
李清照这首《如梦令》是“天下称之”的不朽名篇。这首小令，有人物，有场景，还有对白，充分显示了宋词的语言表现力和词人的才华。小词借宿酒醒后询问花事的描写，曲折委婉地表达了词人的惜花伤春之情，语言清新，词意隽永。
起首两句“昨夜雨疏风骤，浓睡不消残酒”，辞面勾勒写词时间与环境，昨夜词人不忍看到明朝海棠花谢，故把酒以消愁绪，翌日晨起宿酲尚未尽消。“雨疏风骤”十分恰切地写出暮春时节，风萧萧然而雨却是疏落，渲染了词人花下醉酒的怅然之感。即便把酒过后的酣睡浓甜，但仍难“消残酒”，写出词人此刻的慵懒惺忪。
词人唤来侍女“试问卷帘人”转折巧妙精当，灵动自然。词人情知海棠不堪一夜骤风疏雨的揉损，窗外定是残红狼藉，落花满地，却又不忍亲见，一个“试”字，将词人不忍亲见落花却又想知究竟的矛盾心理，刻画得贴切入微，真实可感。孰料，“却道海棠依旧”，侍女的回答让词人喜出望外却又无奈黯然，“却”字道出了“卷帘人”不解词人心以及词人的意外之喜，词人的细腻委婉和侍女的粗疏淡漠形成对比。试问”的结果——“却道海棠依旧。”侍女的回答却让词人感到非常意外。本来以为经过一夜风雨，海棠花一定凋谢得不成样子了，可是侍女卷起窗帘，看了看外面之后，却漫不经心地答道：海棠花还是那样。一个“却”字，既表明侍女对女主人委曲的心事毫无觉察，对窗外发生的变化无动于衷，也表明词人听到答话后感到疑惑不解。她想：“雨疏风骤”之后，“海棠”怎会“依旧”呢？这就非常自然地带出了结尾两句。
“知否？知否？应是绿肥红瘦。”这既是对侍女的反诘，也像是自言自语：这个粗心的丫头，你知道不知道，园中的海棠应该是绿叶繁茂、红花稀少才是。这句对白写出了诗画所不能道，写出了伤春易春的闺中人复杂的神情口吻，可谓“传神之笔。“应是”，表明词人对窗外景象的推测与判断，口吻极当。因为她毕竟尚未亲眼目睹，所以说话时要留有余地。同时，这一词语中也暗含着“必然是”和“不得不是”之意。海棠虽好，风雨无情，它是不可能长开不谢的。一语之中，含有不尽的无可奈何的惜花情在，可谓语浅意深。而这一层惜花的殷殷情意，自然是“卷帘人”所不能体察也无须更多理会的，她毕竟不能像她的女主人那样感情细腻，那样对自然和人生有着更深的感悟。这也许是她所以作出上面的回答的原因。
末了的“绿肥红瘦”一语，更是全词的精绝之笔，历来为世人所称道。“绿”代替叶，“红”代替花，是两种颜色的对比；“肥”形容雨后的叶子因水份充足而茂盛肥大，“瘦”形容雨后的花朵因不堪雨打而凋谢稀少，是两种状态的对比。本来平平常常的四个字，经词人的搭配组合，竟显得如此色彩鲜明、形象生动，这实在是语言运用上的一个创造。由这四个字生发联想，那“红瘦”正是表明春天的渐渐消逝，而“绿肥”正是象征着绿叶成荫的盛夏的即将来临。这种极富概括性的语言，又实在令人叹为观止。
此词借宿酒醒后询问花事的描写，委婉地表达了作者怜花惜花的心情，充分体现出作者对大自然、对春天的热爱，也流露了内心的苦闷。全词篇幅虽短，但含蓄蕴藉，意味深长，以景衬情，委曲精工，轻灵新巧，对人物心理情绪的刻画栩栩如生，以对话推动词意发展，跌宕起伏，极尽传神之妙，显示出作者深厚的艺术功力。
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李清照《
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李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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孙应时
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芹泮青灯夜，山亭皂盖春。重更双使节，总为两淮民。
德意人人浃，工夫事事新。帝城车马外，才此寄经纶。