菩萨蛮·人人尽说江南好
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唐代]：韦庄
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人人尽说江南好，游人只合江南老。春水碧于天，画船听雨眠。
垆边人似月，皓腕凝霜雪。未老莫还乡，还乡须断肠。
菩萨蛮·人人尽说江南好译文及注释
译文
人人都说江南好，游人应该在江南待到老去。春天的江水清澈碧绿比天空还青，游人可以在有彩绘的船上听着雨声入眠。
江南酒家卖酒的女子长得很美，卖酒撩袖时露出的双臂洁白如雪。年华未衰之时不要回乡，回到家乡后必定悲痛到极点。
注释
游人只合江南老：这里指飘泊江南的人，即作者自谓。只合：只应。江南好：白居易《忆江南》词首句为“江南好”。碧于天：一片碧绿，胜过天色。
垆边：指酒家。垆，旧时酒店用土砌成酒瓮卖酒的地方。《史记·司马相如列传》记载，司马相如妻卓文君长得很美，曾当垆卖酒：“买一酒舍沽就，而令文君当垆。”
皓腕凝霜雪：形容双臂洁白如雪。凝霜雪，像霜雪凝聚那样洁白。
未老莫还乡，还乡须断肠：年尚未老，且在江南行乐。如还乡离开江南，当使人悲痛不已。须：必定，肯定。
参考资料：
1、赵崇祚．花间集．武汉：武汉出版社，1995：32-34
2、王步高．唐宋诗词鉴赏．北京：北京大学出版社，2003：216-217
菩萨蛮·人人尽说江南好创作背景
根据中国古典文学专家叶嘉莹教授的研究，韦庄的《菩萨蛮五首》词中的“江南”，都是确指的江南之地，并非指蜀地。这组词创作于韦庄晚年寓居蜀地时期，是作者为回忆江南旧游而作。这组词内容与他的流浪生活密切相关。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．唐宋词十七讲．北京：北京大学出版社，2007：72-88
菩萨蛮·人人尽说江南好鉴赏
这首诗是《菩萨蛮五首》中的第二首，对第一首的回应。难道主人公不愿意回到家中吗？可是自己求取功名不得，又怎能轻言回去呢？“人人尽说江南好。游人只合江南老。”写得多美！但这种美，不是靠意象的美而烘托，却是靠浓挚的情感，而且是经过理性的浸润后的浓挚的情感动人。江南之美，甲于天下，但寓居在此，逃避战乱的人，又怎么会有归属感？故这两句是沉郁的。“春水碧于天。画船听雨眠。”说的是碧绿的春水，比天空还要明净，躺在游船画舫之中，和着雨声入睡，又是何等之美，何等之空灵。前二句的沉郁，与后二句的空灵，就形成了难以言喻的艺术张力。
过片暗用卓文君之典。汉时蜀人司马相如，与巨富卓王孙之女卓文君私奔，因卓王孙宣布与文君断绝关系，司马相如就令文君当垆，自己穿着短裤，在大街上洗涤酒器。所以“炉边人似月。皓腕凝双雪”，炉就是酒垆，炉边人指的就是自己的妻子，也就是上一首中“绿窗人”。主人公何尝不思念这位面如皎月、肤色赛霜雪的妻子？但是“未老莫还乡。还乡须断肠”，古人云富贵而不还乡，就像衣锦而夜行，而一事无成的人，回到家乡，心情却只有更加抑郁哀凉。这两句没有任何艺术技巧可言，纯粹靠人生阅历和情感动人，成为千古名句。清末大词人王鹏运提出，写词要符合“重、大、拙”三字诀，这两句就是“拙”的审美境界。
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上一首：
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佚名《
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菩萨蛮·枕前发尽千般愿》
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顾夐《
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诉衷情·永夜抛人何处去》
韦庄简介
唐代·韦庄的简介
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韦庄（约836年─910年），字端己，杜陵（今中国陕西省西安市附近）人，诗人韦应物的四代孙，唐朝花间派词人，词风清丽，有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相，谥文靖。
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