菩萨蛮·眉尖早识愁滋味
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宋代]：黄公度
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眉尖早识愁滋味，娇羞未解论心事。试问忆人不？无言但点头。
嗔人归不早，故把金杯恼。醉看舞时腰，还如旧日娇。
菩萨蛮·眉尖早识愁滋味鉴赏
上阕写侍儿娇羞多情之态可掬。首句“眉尖早识愁滋味”出语不凡，蕴涵极深：少小年纪应是无忧无虑、天真烂漫不解愁滋味之时，但身为侍儿，完全俯仰主人、依附他人的地位，却使这过早成熟；也由于她们具有善解人意的聪慧，最能觉察到主人此次归来的郁闷心情；这里只用“眉尖”一词便勾画出了侍儿动人的愁态，但到底还是处于“娇羞未解论心事”的年龄，成熟之中显着楚楚娇憨的稚气。“试问忆人不？无言但点头”之句颇有风趣：试探着问她是否思念自己的主人，她默然无语，但只轻轻地点头。在这里词人并未正面摹写人物的肖貌，而是运用白描手法，抓住人物部分形貌、动作，加以浅写速画，便使一个多情柔媚、娇羞腼腆的少女形象活脱脱地跃于纸上了。
下阕继续刻画人物及心态。所不同的是着意于人物性格的另一个表象。“嗔人归不早，故把金杯恼”是说：侍儿内心嗔怪思念之人迟迟归来，因娇羞不愿启齿，却从将珍贵的金杯掷弃一旁的细微动作流露出来。这不仅写尽了少女含娇带嗔的神态，而且“嗔人归不早”之句，还有更深层的寓意：应该在发现奸佞弄权、忠良不保的征兆时，便挂冠辞归，也不致受一再贬斥、直到免官之辱。作者将埋藏心底的憾事，通过侍儿迁怒金杯的娇嗔、令人爱怜的动作，轻轻松松地写了出来，不露痕迹，堪称词家中之大手笔。尾句“醉看舞时腰，还如旧日娇”是写：离家日久，多时未见倩倩、盼盼的舞姿，今朝一边畅饮接风美酒，醉眼观看筵前侍儿翩翩起舞，发现她们轻盈的体态、婀娜的倩影，仍然如离家前一样的娇美。这一生活画面的描写反映了以酒浇愁的作者，迫使自己从罢官失意的不平衡的心态下解脱出来的愿望。祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏，祸福是互转、相对的，“还如旧日娇”的旧日，便是指未入仕途时家居的宁静生活。尝够了宦海中升降浮沉的苦滋味之后，再回到这宁静自娱的生活中来，未始不是一种福分。
该词写作的最大特点，是整篇以喻体出现，借题发挥，写的是家中情事，抒发的却是政治上的失意。此外，极善于捕捉反映人物气质神态的举止，在动中写人，便使人物栩栩传神。
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谢绛《
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夜行船·别情》
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毛滂《
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生查子·富阳道中》
黄公度简介
唐代·黄公度的简介
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黄公度（1109～1156）字师宪，号知稼翁，莆田（今属福建）人。绍兴八年进士第一，签书平海军节度判官。后被秦桧诬陷，罢归。除秘书省正字，罢为主管台州崇道观。十九年，差通判肇庆府，摄知南恩州。桧死复起，仕至尚书考功员外郎兼金部员外郎，卒年四十八，著有《知稼翁集》十一卷，《知稼翁词》一卷。
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