醉蓬莱
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：黄庭坚
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 114
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
对朝云叆叇，暮雨霏微，乱峰相倚。巫峡高唐，锁楚宫朱翠。画戟移春，靓妆迎马，向一川都会。万里投荒，一身吊影，成何欢意。
尽道黔南，去天尺五，望极神州，万重烟水。樽酒公堂，有中朝佳士。荔颊红深，麝脐香满，醉舞裀歌袂。杜宇声声，催人到晓，不如归是。
醉蓬莱译文及注释
译文
朝云暮雨，烟雾氤氲，微露云端的乱峰互相偎依。站在巫山县城楼上，遥望楚阳台，想象楚襄王梦与神女相会的情景。春光明媚之中，宫府的仪仗队行进，盛装艳服之人迎接着马队，迤逦向城中走去。被贬谪放逐到偏荒之地，对影自怜，有什么值得高兴的。
到达黔州之后，山愈高，势愈险，而距中原更远，隔断了眺望京城的视线，但乡愁却越过千山万水飞向神州。有贬谪之地的地方官摆酒接风、欢宴公堂。醉舞欢腾，满堂香气，声歌盈室，美人容颜娇艳，香气氤氲馥郁。听着那杜鹃一声一声地到天明，直唤着“不如归去”。
注释
醉蓬莱：词牌名。双调九十七字，前段十一句四仄韵，后段十二句四仄韵。另有双调九十七字，前后段各十一句、四仄韵变体。
瑗叇（ài dài）：云气浓重之貌。宋玉《高唐赋》记楚王昼寝高唐，梦见神女说：“妾在巫山之阴，高丘之阻，旦为朝云，暮为行雨。”
高唐：战国时楚王在云梦泽中所建的高台。
朱翠：朱颜翠发，本是形容女子的美貌，这里代指美女。
画戟：涂画彩饰的戟，是古代的仪仗用物。
靓（Iiàng）妆：指盛装华服的女子。
都会：指州治所在。
投荒：贬谪放逐到偏荒之地。
吊影：对影自怜，形容孤独，唯影相伴。
去天尺五：以距天之近而言地势之高。
神州：指京城。
中朝：朝中。
舞裀（yīn）：舞衣。
杜宇：即杜鹃。传说古蜀帝杜宇，死后化为杜鹃鸟。
不如归是：相传杜宇死后思念故乡，化为杜鹃，啼叫着“不如归去”，声音悲苦。
参考资料：
1、蒋方．黄庭坚集：凤凰出版社，2014年：第227—230页
醉蓬莱创作背景
绍圣二年（1095年），山谷被指控为撰修《神宗实录》失实多诬，贬为涪州别驾黔州安置，此词当是他赴黔途中经过夔州巫山县时所作。
参考资料：
1、夏承焘等．宋词鉴赏辞典 上：上海辞典书出版社，2013年：第514页
醉蓬莱鉴赏
此词当是作者赴黔途中经过夔州巫山县时所作。词通过乐与悲的多层次对比烘托，突现出他贬谪途中去国怀乡的忧闷之情。
词的开头以“对”字直领以下三句，描绘出一幅烟雨凄迷的峡江图：有时云蒸霞蔚，有时微雨蒙蒙，云雨迷离之中，只见错落攒立的群峰互相依傍。这里既是肖妙的写景，又是贴切的用典，“朝云”、“暮雨”镶嵌于句中，化而不露，“乱峰”则指巫山群峰，其中神女峰尤为峭丽，相传即为神女的化身。这样便营造出一个惝恍迷离、凄清悠远的境界。这种意境与他去国怀乡的怅惘心情是十分协调的。如以“叆叇”状云，表现云气浓重，更有日色昏暗之意。又如以“乱”字表现群峰的攒拥交叠，暗示他遭贬后神乱意迷的心境。“巫峡高唐，锁楚宫朱翠”，是由神话生发出来的联想。“朱翠”指女子的朱颜翠发，代指美人。一个“锁”字不也隐约透露出自叹身世的感慨。这里感情的流露是含蓄深婉的，词人只是创造一种情绪和氛围，给人以感染。
接着作者笔锋一转，描绘出一幅热闹的仪仗图。春光明媚之中，官府的仪仗队行进，盛妆艳服之人迎接着马队，迤逦向城中行去。“画戟”是加上彩饰的戟，用于仪仗队。“靓妆”，粉黛妆饰，这里大约指歌姬舞女之类。面对如此盛况，作者的内心却是一片悲凉。“万里投荒，一身吊影，成何欢意！”与开头呼应，一腔忧闷喷涌而出。
下片开头四句承上片最后一层意思而加以生发。作者巧妙地越过眼前的情景，而设想贬谪之地的望乡之苦，这是用未来的乡愁反过来烘托现实的离情。“去天尺五”极言黔南地势之高，旧有“城南韦、杜，去天尺五”的谚语，此处借来形容山高摩天。尽管这样的高处，但是眺望神州，还是隔着千山万水。那乡愁就象那万重烟水，一直延伸到天地的尽头，绵绵不绝。“神州”指中原，这里意同“神京”。古代的逐臣常通过回望京城来表达其哀怨之情。
“樽酒”五句是一个大的转折，展现了地方官为作者摆酒接风，欢宴公堂的热烈景象。为了渲染欢快的气氛，这里用了一些色彩富丽的词，如用“荔颊红深”形容美人容颜的娇艳之色，用“麝脐香满”描写香气的氤氲馥郁。轻歌曼舞，醉意朦胧，场面越是写得热烈，越能反衬出山谷心头的悲凉孤寂。置身于高堂华宴，面对着主宾的觥筹交错，作者独品苦味，唯有那杜鹃“不如归去”的声声啼鸣陪伴着他通宵达旦。
这首词上下两片都分三个层次，先写悲情，然后折入欢快场景的描写，最后又转入悲情的抒发，而上下两片又写法各异，不使雷同。为了构成鲜明的对比，写悲与乐所用词语的色彩反差也很大。写悲情则朴素自然，近乎口语，以直抒胸臆。描乐景富丽浓郁，风华典雅，着力于铺陈。正所谓“以乐景写哀，以哀景写乐，一倍增其哀乐”。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
关汉卿《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
一枝花·杭州景》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
李白《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
与夏十二登岳阳楼》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
和林治中雪诗五首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
郑清之
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
擘天滕六勇如貔，移下琼台扑凸奇。
老尽青山真是幻，从渠白战更无诗。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
秋兰篇
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
魏晋：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
傅玄
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
秋兰映玉池，池水清且芳。芙蓉随风发，中有双鸳鸯。
双鱼自踊跃，两鸟时回翔。君其历九秋，与妾同衣裳。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
和陈蹇叔郎中乙已上元晴和
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
杨万里
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
御柳梢头晚不风，官梅面上雪都融。
如何阊阖新春夜，顿有芙蕖满眼红。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
老棕
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
舒岳祥
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
马鬃频剪新心吐，凤翅初开劲叶森。
更有木鱼三百尾，山僧锅里煮黄金。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
酬袁守方秋崖遗宝带桥诗以顾我老非题柱客知君材是济川功为韵十四首 其十三
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
包恢
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
往来欲休息，亦可乐自然。上观云飞鸟，下看鱼泳川。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
看看数尽今年历漫说明年差可立从头检点一年愁焚香告天在今夕
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
夏良胜
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
年从此夜尽，年从此夜来。天日各有度，会合应无媒。
烛销商妇泪，杯覆王孙哀。逐贫不饿死，驱厉徒生猜。