梁甫行
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两汉]：曹植
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八方各异气，千里殊风雨。
剧哉边海民，寄身于草墅。
妻子象禽兽，行止依林阻。
柴门何萧条，狐兔翔我宇。
梁甫行译文及注释
译文
八方的气候各不相同，千里之内的风雨形态不一。
海边的贫民多么艰苦啊，破旧的草屋是他们的栖身之地。
妻子和儿子像禽兽一样生活，盘桓在险阻的山林里。
简陋的柴门如此冷清，狐兔在周围自由穿梭毫无顾忌。
注释
异气：气候不同。
剧：艰苦。
草墅：用草搭盖而成的简陋房屋。
行止：行动的踪迹。
林阻：山林险阻之地。
柴门：用树枝等物编成的门。
翔：绕行。
梁甫行创作背景
曹植自曹丕篡位后，诗人被贬到贫困的海边，在自己生存的艰难不幸的环境中，看到下层人民的困苦生活，逐渐体会到下层人民的痛苦，有感而发，写下这首慷慨激愤之作。
参考资料：
1、教育部组织编写，总主编：温儒敏．义务教育教科书：人民教育出版社，2017年：70
梁甫行鉴赏
曹植自曹丕篡汉后，在自己生存的艰难不幸中，逐渐体会到下层人民的痛苦。他在《泰山梁甫行》中，以白描的手法，反映了边海农村的残破荒凉景象，表现了对下层人民的深切同情。“八方各异气，千里殊风雨。”是说天下的自然环境不一样，所遭受的风雨灾害也不一样。言外之意是说，海边气候潮湿，风雨狂暴，海啸龙卷风也时有发生，是不适合人生存的地方。这两句突出边海人民生存环境的恶劣。“剧哉边海民，寄身于草野。”痛苦啊，海边的人民，他们生活在荒野草丛林木中，多么荒凉，多么凄惨。这本是野兽出入的地方，可他们却长期的与野兽同居。所以“妻子象禽兽，行止依林阻。”这是对妻子以及孩子的整体形象描写，从中我们不但看到海民衣不蔽体蓬头垢面的野人一样的粗俗艰苦的生活方式，也可以想见他们与世隔绝的愚钝颓废形象。他们依靠自然环境的险阻，和野兽争夺相间生存，他们不但经受生活的艰难困苦，而且还有随时被野兽吃掉的生存忧惧。“柴门何萧条，狐兔翔我宇。”柴门简陋凄清，在海风中嗦嗦摇荡，狐狸兔子好象从天上飞来一样从屋檐下飞来窜去。这里通过狐狸、兔子的侧面描写，反衬出边海人们生活环境的荒蛮以及边海人们的恐惧与凄楚。本文以白描的手法，言简意赅地全方位展现了边海人们的痛苦生活。
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曹植《
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梁甫行》
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辛弃疾《
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生查子·题京口郡治尘表亭》
曹植简介
唐代·曹植的简介
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曹植（192－232），字子建，沛国谯（今安徽省亳州市）人。三国曹魏著名文学家，建安文学代表人物。魏武帝曹操之子，魏文帝曹丕之弟，生前曾为陈王，去世后谥号“思”，因此又称陈思王。后人因他文学上的造诣而将他与曹操、曹丕合称为“三曹”，南朝宋文学家谢灵运更有“天下才有一石，曹子建独占八斗”的评价。王士祯尝论汉魏以来二千年间诗家堪称“仙才”者，曹植、李白、苏轼三人耳。
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