雨后池上
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宋代]：刘攽
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一雨池塘水面平，淡磨明镜照檐楹。
东风忽起垂杨舞，更作荷心万点声。
雨后池上译文及注释
译文
一场大雨过后池塘里涨满了水，非常平静，好像蘸水轻轻磨光的镜子照映着岸边房屋的倒影。
东风忽然吹起，下垂的柳条袅娜起舞，柳枝上的水珠撇向荷叶中间，不断发出声响。
注释
池上：池塘。
一雨池塘：一处雨后池塘。
淡磨：恬静安适。淡，安静。
明镜：如同明镜。
檐楹：这里指房屋。檐，房檐。楹，房屋前面的柱子。
舞：飘动。
更作：化作。
荷心：荷花。
雨后池上鉴赏
这首诗展现在读者面前的是一幅雨后池塘图，从诗中写到的东风、垂杨、荷花等物象来看，背景是春季，因此，再确切些说是一幅雨后池塘春景图，给读者以清美的艺术享受。
首句展示的是雨后池上春景的静态美。第一句写雨后池塘水面的平静，只淡淡地出一“平”字。如果只读这一句，会觉得它过于平常，但在这句之后紧接以“淡磨明镜照檐楹”，却境界顿出。“淡磨”二字颇可玩味。施者是春雨，受者是池面，经春雨洗涤过的池面，好比经人轻磨拂拭过的明镜，比中有比，比中有拟人，这就使“水如镜”这一浅俗的比喻有新鲜之感。不仅能使读者感受到春雨后池上异常平静、明净的状态，并能进而联想到前此蒙蒙细雨随着微风轻拂池面的轻盈柔姿。“淡磨明镜照檐楹”，创造的正是非春雨后池塘莫属的艺术境界。与此相适应，这两句语势平缓，无一字不清静，连略带动感、略为经意的“淡磨”二字，也一如字面，给读者以一种轻淡的心理感受，显得毫不着力。
三四句由静而动，进一步写雨后池上的动态美。东风忽起，舞动池边的垂杨，吹落垂杨柔枝细叶上缀满的雨滴，洒落在池中舒展的荷叶上，发出一阵清脆细密的声响。这里，诗人笔下荡漾的东风、婆娑起舞的垂杨、荷心的万点声，无一不具有一种流动的韵致和盎然的生意，与前二句相比，别是一番情趣。与此相随，语势节奏也由平缓而转向急促，字字飞动起来。“忽起”二字，首先造成突兀之势，展示出景物瞬息间由静而动的变化，给人以强烈的动感；随后再用“更作”二字作呼应回旋，造成一种急促的旋律，从而把上述有形的与无形的、动态的和声响的景物联贯起来，组成一幅形声兼备的艺术画卷。
雨后池上景物之美，诗人既写其静态，又写其动态，不仅显得丰富多姿，而且构成对比，收到以静显动，以动衬静，相得益彰的艺术效果。首句平直叙起，次句从容承之，而以第三句为主，尽宛转变化工夫，再以第四句发之，本是约句的一般造法（见《唐音癸签》卷三引杨仲弘语）。诗人用这一方法巧妙安排，使语言结构形式与内容和谐统一，成因势置景、笔随景迁之妙。
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上一首：
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叶绍翁《
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游园不值》
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下一首：
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程颢《
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春日偶成》
刘攽简介
唐代·刘攽的简介
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刘攽bān（1023～1089）北宋史学家，刘敞之弟。字贡夫，一作贡父、赣父，号公非。临江新喻（今江西新余）人，一说江西樟树人。庆历进士，历任曹州、兖州、亳州、蔡州知州，官至中书舍人。一生潜心史学，治学严谨。助司马光纂修《资治通鉴》，充任副主编，负责汉史部分，著有《东汉刊误》等。
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