邯郸冬至夜思家
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唐代]：白居易
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想得家中夜深坐，还应说着远行人。
邯郸冬至夜思家译文及注释
译文
我居住在邯郸客栈的时候正好是冬至佳节。晚上，我抱着双膝坐在灯前，只有影子与我相伴。
我相信，家中的亲人今天会相聚到深夜，还应该谈论着我这个远行人。
注释
邯郸（Hándān）：地名，今河北省邯郸市。冬至：农历二十四节气之一。在十二月下旬，这天白天最短，夜晚最长。古代冬至有全家团聚的习俗。
驿：驿站，古代的传递公文，转运官物或出差官员途中的歇息的地方。
抱膝：以手抱膝而坐，有所思貌。影伴身：影子与其相伴。
夜深：犹深夜。
远行人：离家在外的人，这里指作者自己。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（下）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：1079
2、吴大奎 马秀娟．元稹白居易诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：91-92
邯郸冬至夜思家创作背景
这首诗当作于唐德宗贞元二十年（804年）岁末，作者时年三十三岁，任秘书省校书郎。冬至这一天，朝廷要放假，民间也很热闹，穿新衣，互赠饮食，互致祝贺，一派过节的景象。白居易当时正宦游在外，夜宿于邯郸驿舍中，有感而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、霍松林 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：879-880
邯郸冬至夜思家鉴赏
《邯郸冬至夜思家》没有精工华美的辞藻，没有奇特新颖的想象，只是用叙述的语气来描绘远客的怀亲之情。其佳处，一是以直率质朴的语言，道出了人们常有的一种生活体验，感情真挚动人。二是构思精巧别致：首先，诗中无一“思”字，只平平叙来，却处处含着“思”情；其次，写自己思家，却从对面着笔。
前两句纪实，侧面写“思家”。第一句叙客中度节，已植“思家”之根。在唐代，冬至这个日子，人们本应在家中和亲人一起欢度。但是如今作者在邯郸客店里碰上这个节日，不知如何是好。第二句，就写作者在邯郸客栈里过节的情景。“抱膝”二字，活画出枯坐的神态。“灯前”二字，既烘染环境，又点出“夜”，托出“影”。一个“伴”字，把“身”与“影”联系起来，并赋予“影”以人的感情。只有抱膝枯坐的影子陪伴着抱膝枯坐的身子，作者的孤寂之感，思家之情，已溢于言表。
后两句运用想象，正面写“思家”。后两句笔锋一转，来个曲笔，不直接写自己如何思家，而是想象家人冬至夜深时分，家人还围坐在灯前，谈论着自己这个远行之人，以此来表现“思家”，使这种思乡之情扩大化，真实感人。其感人之处是：他在思家之时想象出来的那幅情景，却是家里人如何想念自己。这个冬至佳节，由于自己离家远行，所以家里人一定也过得很不愉快。当自己抱膝灯前，想念家人，直想到深夜的时候，家里人大约同样还没有睡，坐在灯前，“说着远行人”。具体“说”了什么，作者并没有指明，这就给读者留下了驰骋想象的广阔天地。每一个享过天伦之乐的人，有过类似经历的人，都可以根据自己的生活体验，想得很多。作者没用华丽的词句，没有玩弄过多的艺术技巧，而用平实质朴的语言，却把思乡之情表现的淋漓尽致。
白居易的诗常以语言浅近、平实质朴著称，其意境也多显露。这首诗平实质朴，构思精巧别致，字里行间流露着淡淡的思乡之愁以及浓浓的怀亲之意。
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陈毅《
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青松》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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