春寒
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宋代]：梅尧臣
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春昼自阴阴，云容薄更深。
蝶寒方敛翅，花冷不开心。
亚树青帘动，依山片雨临。
未尝辜景物，多病不能寻。
春寒译文及注释
译文
春日阴云笼罩，虽然云层不厚，但整天浓阴密布，云天雾海。
一片迷茫蝴蝶因气候寒冷而紧缩了翅膀，不能飞舞；花朵因空气湿冷而迟迟不开。
春风凛冽，吹动着挂在树枝上的酒旗；春雨阵阵，靠近山的地方，春风突然夹裹着春雨而来。
叫人感到一阵寒冷不曾做对不住景物的事，只是苦于身体条件和心情低落而不能去接近。
注释
这首诗写于庆历六年初春。当时作者支持的范仲淹革新政治活动（庆历新政）正处于低潮，个人生活中，妻子谢世后次子又病逝。
青帘：指酒旗。
春寒鉴赏
北宋诗人梅尧臣的这首《春寒》诗可以按“起、承、转、合”的结构规律来把握。
首联“起”，点明季节特征，说明春日阴云笼罩，虽然云层不厚，但整天浓阴密布，云天雾海，一片迷茫。“云容薄”三字很好地点明了早春云雾的特点。
颔联“承”，以极其对仗的句式，写出了春寒料峭的气候环境下的景物特征：蝴蝶因气候寒冷而紧缩了翅膀，不能飞舞；花朵因空气湿冷而迟迟不开。其中“不开心”三字一语双关，写景写人，移情手法，别有意味，叫人想起“感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心”的诗句来。
颈联“转”，由静景而至于动景。春风凛冽，吹动着挂在树枝上的酒旗；春雨阵阵，靠近山的地方，春风突然夹裹着春雨而来，叫人感到一阵寒冷。“亚”通“压”，低低地垂挂着。“片”，不能理解为大雨，它准确地描绘出春雨的特点。
尾联“合”，点明诗人对景物产生如此感受的原因，借此抒发了感情。“未尝辜”是说诗人不曾做对不住景物的事，是诗人情感和人格的表露。“病”字一语双关，既写了身体状况，也写出诗人此时的心情。
诗题“寒”字奠定了全文凄冷的基调。首联点明春阴的季节特征，薄云密布，是诗人心境的流露。中间两联，通过具体物象，来表现春寒，三四句写因寒气袭来，蝴蝶收敛双翅，花蕾无力舒展，这是选取春天最有代表性的蝶和花写天气之寒。五六句写压挂在树枝上的酒旗翻动，足见风很猛；依傍山丘的阴云挟带着阵雨压来，表明雨势之急。这四句从不同视角形容春寒，这一派峭寒，使天宇充塞着凄冷寥落的气氛，这就把春寒真切地刻画出来。联系诗人的人生经历和范仲淹革新失败的历史背景，不难理解诗人此时因改革处于低潮而感情凄苦、心情悲凉的深意。
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上一首：
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唐寅《
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和沈石田落花诗》
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下一首：
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钱霖《
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清江引·梦回昼长帘半卷》
梅尧臣简介
唐代·梅尧臣的简介
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梅尧臣（1002～1060）字圣俞，世称宛陵先生，北宋著名现实主义诗人。汉族，宣州宣城（今属安徽）人。宣城古称宛陵，世称宛陵先生。初试不第，以荫补河南主簿。50岁后，于皇祐三年（1051）始得宋仁宗召试，赐同进士出身，为太常博士。以欧阳修荐，为国子监直讲，累迁尚书都官员外郎，故世称“梅直讲”、“梅都官”。曾参与编撰《新唐书》，并为《孙子兵法》作注，所注为孙子十家著（或十一家著）之一。有《宛陵先生集》60卷，有《四部丛刊》影明刊本等。词存二首。
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