发阆中
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唐代]:杜甫
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前有毒蛇后猛虎,溪行尽日无村坞。
江风萧萧云拂地,山木惨惨天欲雨。
女病妻忧归意速,秋花锦石谁复数?
别家三月一得书,避地何时免愁苦?
发阆中译文及注释
译文
沿途各地荒无人烟,还有毒蛇猛兽出没,坐了一整天的船也没有看到一个村庄。
江上寒风呼啸,地面弥漫着云雾,山中林木衰残,天上笼罩着阴霾,倍感荒凉。
女儿病了,妻子很忧虑,就想快点到家,溪上的秋花锦石哪里还有精神去欣赏?
为逃难而流落异地,离家几个月才收到一封家书,什么时候才不用愁苦与悲伤?
注释
“前有”二句写人烟稀少,坐了一整天的船也碰不到一个村庄。刘向《新序》:“前有大蛇如堤。”
“江风”二句写溪行之景。云拂地,写云随风掠地而过,正是将雨之象。
意不在景物,故曰“谁复数”。锦石,水底有花纹的小石。庾肩吾诗:“锦石镇浮桥。”杜甫诗:“碧萝长似带,锦石小如钱。”(《秋日夔府咏怀》)亦见水之清澈。
避地,为避难而流寓异地。杜甫自公元七五九年由华州避地秦州后,转徙至此时,已近五年,故有“何时”之叹。
参考资料:
1、萧涤非:《杜甫诗选注》.人民文学出版社,1998年8月版,第195页
2、译文内容由朝阳山人提供
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上一首:
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杜甫《
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愁》
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杜甫《
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奉陪郑驸马韦曲二首》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫(712-770),字子美,自号少陵野老,世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等,汉族,河南府巩县(今河南省巩义市)人,唐代伟大的现实主义诗人,杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”,其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”,为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来,杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民,人格高尚,他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来,诗艺精湛,在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇,影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都,后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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