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词源典藏a>成语词典惩羹吹齑惩羹吹齑的故事
惩羹吹齑的成语故事

拼音chéng gēng chuī jī
基本解释羹:用肉、菜等煮成的汤;齑:细切的冷食肉菜。被热汤烫过嘴,吃冷食时也要吹一吹。比喻受到过教训,遇事过分小心。
出处战国 楚 屈原《九章 惜诵》:“惩于羹者而吹齑兮,何不变此志也?”
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惩羹吹齑的典故
屈原,名平,战国时楚国人,是我国古代伟大的爱国诗人。他当时担任“左徒”的官职,但是得不到楚怀王的信任。他主张联合东方的大国齐国,共同抗秦。昏庸的楚怀王,不听忠告,反而偏信谗言,疏远屈原,并向秦国妥协。结果连连上了秦国的当,怀王最后终于死在秦国。怀王死后,他的儿子横继位为顷襄王。顷襄王像他父亲一样糊涂,竟把屈原赶出郢都,放逐到长江以南的沅、湘和洞庭湖一带。
屈原始终热爱他的祖国,在被疏远、遭打击,以至被流放的苦痛年月中,无时不关心着人民的生活,无时不怀念着国都郢都。他写的《九章》等不朽的诗篇,充满了悲愤和热烈的爱国之情。《九章》共包括九篇,其中的《惜诵》,一般都列为第一篇。
《惜诵》,据专家考证,是屈原劝楚怀王联齐抗秦而被谗去职时写的。“惜诵”二字,据说是“不愿随便歌颂”的意思。诗中有一节假托在梦中和大神谈话来表达自己始终不变的忠诚。诗的大意说:“我曾在梦里企图登天,无奈既没有路也找不到船。请大神帮帮忙吧。可是他说,理想虽好实行困难!难道我的理想将永远被认为危险而无法实现?大神说:
可思而不可恃。
故众口其铄金兮,初若是而逢殆。
惩于羹而吹齑兮,何不变此志也?
欲释阶而登天兮,犹为曩之态也!
大神说的这几句话,大意是说:“对于君王,你可以怀念却不必寄托希望。他身边那群人的嘴连金属都消熔得了,你当初一片天真当然要遭殃。上过当的人总该特别小心了,为什么不能改一改你的直心肠?你想登天偏又放弃了往上爬的梯子,看来你从前的老脾气,还是照样!
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