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词源典藏a>成语词典四面楚歌四面楚歌的故事
四面楚歌的成语故事

拼音sì miàn chǔ gē
基本解释四面都是楚人的歌声。后用来比喻四面受敌;处于孤立无援的处境。
出处《史记 项羽本纪》:“项王军壁垓下,兵少食尽,汉军及诸侯兵围之数重。夜闻汉军四面皆楚歌,项王乃大惊,曰:‘汉皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也。’”〖示例〗在这四面楚歌里,凭你怎样伶牙俐齿,也只得服从了。 ★朱自清《航船中的文明》
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四面楚歌的典故
项羽和刘邦原来约定以鸿沟(在今河南荣县境贾鲁河)东西边作为界限,互不侵犯。后来刘邦听从张良和陈平的规劝,觉得应该趁项羽衰弱的时候消灭他,就又和韩信、彭越、刘贾会合兵力追击正在向东开往彭城(即今江苏徐州)的项羽部队。终于布置了几层兵力,把项羽紧紧围在垓下(在今安徽灵璧县东南)。这时,项羽手下的兵士已经很少,粮食又没有了。夜里听见四面围住他的军队都唱起楚地的民歌,不禁非常吃惊地说:“刘邦已经得到了禁地了吗?为什么他的部队里面楚人这么多呢?”说看,心里已丧失了斗志,便从床上爬起来,在营帐里面喝酒;并和他最宠爱的妃子虞姬一同唱歌。唱完,直掉眼泪,在旁的人也非常难过,都觉得抬不起头来。一会,项羽骑上马,带了仅剩的八百名骑兵,从南突围逃走。边逃边打,到乌江畔自刎而死。因为这个故事里面有项羽听见四周唱起楚歌,感觉吃惊,接看又失败自杀的情节,所以以后的人就用“四面楚歌”这句话,形容人们遭受各方面攻击或逼迫的人事环境,而致陷于孤立窘迫的境地。凡是陷于此种境地者,其命运往往是很悲惨的,例如某人因经常与坏人为伍,不事生产,游手好闲;但后来却破那些坏人逼迫的无以为生,求助于别人时,别人也应他平日行为太坏,绝不同情更不理睬,这人所处的境地便是“四面楚歌”。又如学校里讨论学术问题,其学生不学无术(成语,意即没有学术)、信口雌黄、颠倒是非,同学们群起而攻之,这学生便完全处于孤立地位,这也可叫做“四面楚歌”。在我们的人生历程上,在我们的日常生活中,好好的做人,脚踏实地的做事,若是行差踏错,就未免要遭受“四面楚歌”的厄运了。
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※ 与(四面楚歌)相关的成语及历史出处:
| 成语 | 历史出处 |
|---|---|
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 过了这个村,没这个店 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 清·李绿园《歧路灯》第13回:“这是送上门的。你老人家休错这主意,过这村,就没这店了。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 歇斯底里 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 茅盾《严霜下的梦》:“我听见女子的歇斯底里的喊叫,我仿佛看见许多狼,张开了锯样的尖嘴,在撕碎美丽的身体。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 男女授受不亲 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 战国·邹·孟轲《孟子·离娄上》:“男女授受不亲,礼也。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 和风细雨 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 南朝 陈 张正见《陪衡阳游耆阇诗》:“清风吹麦垄,细雨濯梅林。” |
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Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 南朝 梁 钟嵘《诗品》上卷:“文温以丽,意悲而远,惊心动魄,可谓几乎一字千金。” |
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Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 明 汪廷讷《种玉记 奇术》:“天付昂藏七尺躯,寻章摘句懒攻儒。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 走南闯北 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 老舍《龙须沟》第二幕:“这年月呀,女人尊贵啦,跟男人一样可以走南闯北的。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 风和日丽 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 清 吴趼人《痛史》:“是日风和日丽,众多官员,都来祭奠。” |
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 142 拔茅连茹 |
Warning: Use of undefined constant chuchu - assumed 'chuchu' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/paishehui.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php on line 143 《周易 泰》:“拔茅茹,以其汇。”王弼注:“茅之为物,拔其根而相牵引者也。茹,相牵引之貌也。” |