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词源典藏a>成语词典杯弓蛇影杯弓蛇影的故事
杯弓蛇影的成语故事

拼音bēi gōng shé yǐng
基本解释①将映在杯中的弓影误认为蛇。比喻疑神疑鬼;自相惊扰。②也可用来比喻虚幻的实际不存在的东西。也作“弓影杯蛇”。
出处清 黄遵宪《感事》:“金玦庞凉舍隐痛,杯弓蛇影负奇冤。”
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杯弓蛇影的典故
有一年夏天,县令应郴请主簿(办理文书事务的官员)杜宣来饮酒。酒席设在厅堂里,北墙上悬挂着一张红色的弓。由于光线折射,酒杯中映入了弓的影子。杜宣看了,以为是一条蛇在酒杯中蠕动,顿时冷汗涔涔。但县令是他的上司,又是特地请他来饮酒的,不敢不饮,所以硬着头皮喝了几口。仆人再斟时,他借故推却,起身告辞走了。回到家里,杜宣越来越疑心刚才饮下的是有蛇的酒,又感到随酒入口的蛇在肚中蠕动,觉得胸腹部疼痛异常,难以忍受,吃饭、喝水都非常困难。
家里人赶紧请大夫来诊治。但他服了许多药,病情还是不见好转。
过了几天,应郴有事到杜宣家中,问他怎么会闹病的,杜宣便讲了那天饮酒时酒杯中有蛇的事。应郴安慰他几句,就回家了。他坐在厅堂里反复回忆和思考,弄不明白杜宣酒杯里怎么会有蛇的。
突然,北墙上的那张红色的弓引起了他的注意。他立即坐在那天杜宣坐的位置上,取来一杯酒,也放在原来的位置上。结果发现,酒杯中有弓的影子,不细细观看,确实像是一条蛇在蠕动。应郴马上命人用马车把杜宣接来,让他坐在原位上,叫他仔细观看酒杯里的影子,并说:“你说的杯中的蛇,不过是墙上那张弓的倒影罢了,没有其他什么怪东西。现在你可以放心了!”
杜宣弄清原委后,疑虑立即消失,病也很快痊愈了。
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